Although the civil war that paralyzed the country for 10 years ended in 2006 on a peace agreement and an announcement from the Republic, the balance remains fragile and tensions are still high. The Administration is relatively corrupt and very regular changing of the Prime Minister prevents the Ministries from making progress, as well as holding up the launch of national action plans and structural reforms.
The absence of social policy and development has a direct impact on the daily lives of the Nepalese whose misery is growing. The main causes are: climate change; severe food insecurity affecting more than 3 million Nepalese; the shortage of energy depriving the country of electricity every day; public debt with no end in sight and the rate of inflation being in double digits…
As it is, Nepal is one of the poorest countries in the world. The mass exodus to the cities is accelerating (even if 75% of the population is still rural) and urban unemployment is high. Despite a proactive Government policy to combat poverty, and a significant improvement in living conditions, hundreds of families find themselves in an unstable situation in the disadvantaged areas of the Nepalese capital, Kathmandu. These people, often migrants or displaced people, usually suffer from a lack of full access to social infrastructure. Nepal faces a low level of education and a high rate of malnutrition amongst young children. Half of all primary school students do not have access to a secondary school and only half of them finish their studies. For this reason, child-trafficking numbers exploded at the end of the 1990s and the youth unemployment rate is two times higher than the national average.
In addition, the patriarchal system and gender discrimination are at their peak because of many cultural and religious factors and the caste system upon which society is built.